Engineering Rules of Thumb
The Shift-Left Paradigm
A bug found in production costs 100x more to fix than a bug found during the design phase, and 15x more than during the coding phase. Invest in CI/CD.
API Egress Traps
Inbound data to cloud providers (AWS/GCP) is usually free. Outbound data (egress) is where bills explode. Always cache heavily at the Edge/CDN level.
The 1-Second Rule
For e-commerce and SaaS, a 1-second delay in page load time yields a 7% loss in conversions, 11% fewer page views, and a 16% decrease in customer satisfaction.